Improvement in hydraulic engines and rams



. 2Sheets--Sheet.1. A. .l.-L. LURETZ. u

' Hydraulic Engines and Rams. N0.157,6l7 Patented Dec. 8,1874.

. Mmvm/ WITNESSES.

wwwwz UNITED STATES PATENT DFFIGE.

ARTHUR J. L. LOBETZ, OF NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT To NORMAN HUBBARD, or BROOKLYN, N. Y.

IMPROVE MENT I N HYDRAULIC ENGINES AND RAMS.

' Specification forming part of Letters Patent No.- 157,617, dated December 8, 1874; application filed October 6, 1874.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ARTHUR J. L. LORETZ, of New Brunswick, New Jersey, have invented a Hydraulic Engine and Ram, of which the following is a specification:

My invention consists of a pressure-engine for forcing water, moved either by steam or water. When operated by the latter it is generally used for raising water to a much more elevated point than the source from whence the supply is taken for operating the machine, my invention relating more particularly to the device and combination of devices by which the valve is operated for the purpose of reciprocating the piston of the motor, and also the devices used, substituting the four valves in the ordinary double-acting pump, the former and latter elements being embodied. in one valve, and a combination of ports and passages, more fully hereinafter described.

Figures 1 and 2, Plate 1, represent a longitudinal section of the whole arrangement. Plate 2 represents cross sections through different parts of the former; thus, Fig. 3 is a cross-section through the portion of Fig. 1 at a point wherethe letters and figures correspond with Fig. 3. Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are also cross-sections, through different parts of Figs. 1 and 2, corresponding with the letters and figures on the cross-sections.

Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts.

A is a piston working in a cylinder, B, operating two plungers, A and A working in their respective chambers, O and 0 which are bolted with the heads J and J to cylinder B. E is a piston-valve working in a chamber, F, closed up at each end of its bore by bonnets F F and covered by a cap-piece, D, the chest F being held down upon the face of cylinder B by the cap D, the bolts of which are secured to face of cylinder B. The valve E has grooves E E E E turned in its periphery, which form connections with ports of the main cylinder B and pump-chambers G and C and cap-piece or delivery-chamber D. The two center grooves E E of the valve E, in combination with the ports B B B and B B complete the valve-gear for operating the piston A. B is the supply-port, B and B the waste-ports, and B B the cylinder-connecting ports, the two waste-ports B and B being connected together and delivering their contents through a nozzle, B, Fig. 4, byway of check-valve B 00, into wastepipe B y. The grooves E E at the extremities of the valve E, in combination with the waste-ports B B plunger-chamber ports B G and O B, deliveryports B B and D D complete the valvegear for receiving and delivering the waste in and out of the chambers G and U The waste or portion of the waste as it leaves the main motor, from acting on the piston A, enters the chambers O or by the grooves E or E in the valve E, forming a communication between the ports B (J or (J B, the remainder of the waste passing off through nozzle B, by way of valve B as, into wastepipe B y, the

water in the chambers G 0 being delivered out of nozzle D of cappiece D by the same grooves E or E forming a communication between the ports B O or O B and B D or B D The valve E is operated by the action of water acting against the ends of the valve, the same being admitted and emitted in the space formed by head F and end of valve at E and also head F and end of valve at E the water entering and leaving through ports F and F the slots A A A A opening therewith a communication between the supply and waste auxiliary ports, which will be more fully hereinafter explained in the operation.

The operation is as follows: (Fig. 1.) Supposing the valve E to have been thrown over toward the head F of the chest F, the waterpressure will enter through the nozzle of the port B of the cylinder B, (see Fig. 4,) pass in and around the groove E (Fig. 1, again,) from thence through port B in the cylinder B, driving the piston A toward the head J. In the meantime the water which had entered the other side of the piston A on the previous stroke is now passing off to waste through port B in and around groove E into wasteport B the two ports B and B now being connected together, and a valve with a light spring being placed at the mouth of the main delivery B, Fig. 4, the waste-water is thus slightly checked by valve B m, and will, in preference, pass, by way of the connection through port B in and around groove E, into port O B and G and from thence into chamber O 1, filling the said chamber as the plunger moves on. Now, the plunger A in this instance being one-half the area of the piston A, minus A or A, the chamber 0 will only contain one-half the water which has been consumed in cylinder B between A and head J The other half will have to pass ott' through nozzle B pass valve Ba", and go to waste through B y, Fig. 4. The water in chamber 0, which had entered on the previous stroke, is forced off through port 0 B O in and around groove E of valve E, from thence to ports B and D and out of delivery-nozzle D of the chest D. Again, while the area of piston A, minus area of plungers A or A is double that of A or A the water will be delivered through D with a power equal to a height double to that at which the water is entering at B but, of course, one-half of the quantity entering B will go to waste through pipe B 3 When the piston A arrives at the end of its course toward head J, the slots A and A in the plunger A will be brought in the position as represented in Fig. 2, the former, A opening a communication between auxiliary ports J 2 J and the latter, A a communication between J? and J inthe head J. The slots A and A thus placed, the water will enter the valve-chest F, between head F and the end of valve at E, from the supply-port B through passage J 00, Figs. 1, 2, and 4, port J slot A ports J and F forcing the valve E toward head F, the water at the opposite end of the valve, between E and head F going to waste by way of port F thence to J B, which takes a semicircular course, between face of cylinder B and head J around to J B, Fig. 6; thence to B up J through A Figs. 1 and 2, to J and B and from B to waste-pipe B y, Fig. 4. The valve E, by the aforesaid operation, being thrown toward the head F the grooves in the valve will form the proper communications with the ports for the return-stroke, as at Fig. 2. When the piston A arrives toward the head J the slots A and A in plunger A will open communications between the auxiliary ports, allowing the water to throw the valve toward head F and so the strokes will be repeated.

Having described myinventiomwhat Iclaim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The piston rods or plungers provided with auxiliary ports A A A A in combination with the heads J J having ports J J J J 8 J 5 J 3 J J and cylinder B, with ports and passages J B J B J B J B B B B B J so, and valve-chest F with ports F F and valve E, substantially as described.

2. The plungers A A in combination with cylinder B, provided with ports B O O B B B B B", cap-piece D, with ports D D B B and chest F and valve E, with grooves E E, as and for the purpose specified.

3. The valve B x, in combination with piston A and plungers A A substantially as and for the purpose described.

ARTHUR J. L. LORETZ.

Witnesses:

THos. D. CARPENTER, J r., JOHN OoNNELL. 

